Protection of Critical Infrastructure Against Terrorism During the Olympic Summer Games in Rio De Janeiro in 2016
PDF

Keywords

terrorism
Olympics
security
protection
threat
sports facility

How to Cite

Radomyski, A. (2022). Protection of Critical Infrastructure Against Terrorism During the Olympic Summer Games in Rio De Janeiro in 2016. Safety & Defense, 8(2), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.37105/sd.191

Abstract

The Brazilians enthusiastically welcomed the decision to grant them the right to host the 2016 Summer Olympics. The decision to grant Brazil the organization of such a large and spectacular mass sports event to be held in Rio de Janeiro entailed certain risks. This was mainly due to the alarming crime and violence rates in the city, which were largely related to drug trafficking. The decision of the International Olympic Committee sparked a global discussion which questioned Brazil's ability to guarantee the safety of participants in the 2016 Olympics, following the 2014 FIFA World Cup which it also hosted. This article analyzes and assesses the security system of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro organized by the Brazilian authorities, which, according to the organizers' intentions, was to effectively counter the projected internal and external threats. In this context, Brazil's actions for the safety of the Olympic Games deserve recognition and can be a good example for future organizers of this type of mass sporting events. This applies to activities undertaken by the organizers that had the greatest impact on the preparation, organization and functioning of the safety system during the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. In this regard, a certain specificity of activities undertaken by the organizers should be noted, which not only focused on combating terrorist threats, but were also aimed at countering internal threats, mainly the organized crime.

https://doi.org/10.37105/sd.191
PDF

References

Presidência da República do Brasil, Plano Estratégico de Segurança Integrada para os Jogos Olímpicos e Paralímpicos Rio 2016 (PESI Rio 2016).

Atkinson M., Michael & Young K., (2005. Political Violence, Terrorism, and Security at the Olympic Games, in Kevin Young and Kevin Wamsley (eds), Global Olympics: Historical and Sociological Studies of the Modern Games, Oxford: Elsevier, 2005, 269–94.

Bitencourt L., The Security Challenges for the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games (2011), Western Hemisphere Security Analysis Center. 5, July. http://noticias.r7.com/rio-de-janeiro/noticias/nuzman-prometeolimpiada-no-rio-com-total-seguranca-20101127.html. (accessed 19 December 2017).

Boyle Ph. (2012). Securing the Olympic Games: Exemplifications of Global Governance, in Helen Jefferson Lenskyj and Stephen Wagg (eds), The Palgrave Handbook of Olympic Studies, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 394.

Butler N. (2015). Fears Grow over Brazilian Border Security at Rio 2016 after Visa-exemption Proposal Confirmed, insidethegames.biz, 26 November.

Buzanellimi M. P. (213). Porque é Necessário Tipificar o Crime de Terrorismo no Brasil, Revista Brasileira de Inteligência, ABIN, Brasília, No 8, 16-17.

Cabral S. (2009). Governor of Rio de Janeiro, presentation to the IOC, Copenhagen, Denmark, June.

CRS Report (2008). Homeland Security Roles and Missions for the U.S. Northern Command, updated June 3.

Fergus N. (2002). A former Australian intelligence agent whose consulting firm Intelligent Risks worked on the Athens Olympics, quoted in Andrew Chang, ‘Fearing Olympic Terror, Athens Gears Up’, ABC News, 26 June. http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=79466 (accessed 1 August 2015).

For detailed statistics on Rio de Janeiro’s crime rates, see, Secretaria de Estado de Segurança, Estatísticas de Segurança Pública do Rio de Janeiro. http://www.isp.rj.gov.br/Conteudo.asp?ident=221.

Freeman J. (2013). Neoliberal accumulation strategies and the visible hand of police pacification in Rio de Janeiro „ Revista de Estudos Universitários”, No 38(1), 95–12.

General Alvani Discusses Brazilian Air Force’s Actions in Brazil and Abroad (2016)

October 07. http://www.defesanet.com.br/en/defense/noticia/23735/General-Alvani-Discusses-Brazilian-Air-Force’s-Actions-in-Brazil-and-Abroad/

Gaffney C. (2014). The mega-event city as neo-liberal laboratory: the case of Rio de Janeiro „Percurso Acadêmico”, No 4(8), 217–237.

Graham S. (2012).Olympics 2012 security: Welcome to lockdown London.” The Guardian”, March 12 2012. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/mar/12/london-olympics-security-lockdown-london.

Horne J. & Manzenreiter, W. (2006). An Introduction to the Sociology of Sports Mega-Events, „Sociological Review”, No. 2 (54), 19.

http://noticias.r7.com/rio-de-janeiro/noticias/nuzman-prometeolimpiada-no-rio-com-total-seguranca-20101127.html.

http://www.abin.gov.br/modules/mastop_publish/?tac=Lei_9883_de_07 %2F12%2F1999.

http://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1031999/fears-grow-over-brazilian-border-securityat-

Morgan L. (2015). ‘Terrorism is “Number One Worry” at Rio 2016, Top Security Official Claims’, insidethegames.biz, 20 November. http://www.insidethegames.biz/ articles/1031843/terrorism-is-number-one-worry-at-rio-2016-top-security-official-claims (accessed 17 December 2015).

McRos k e y S.R. (2010). Security and the Olympic Games: Making Rio an Example, Spotlight on Security Spring/Summer, 97.

Practical Reference Guide on Airspace changes to the Brazilian Airspace for the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games, 3.

Presidência da República do Brasil, PESI Rio 2016, 20–21.

Robinson J. & Landauro Inti (2015). Paris Attacks: Suicide Bomber Was Blocked From Entering Stade de France, Wall Street Journal, 15 November. http://www.wsj.com/articles/attacker-tried-to-enter-paris-stadium-but-was-turnedaway-1447520571 (accessed 24 November 2015

Security in the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games (2016). Social Communication Secretariat – International Area Office of the President of Brazil, July, 2.

Silke A. (2010). Understanding Terrorist Target Selection’, in Anthony Richards, Pete Fussey, and Andrew Silke (eds), Terrorism and the Olympics: Major Event Security and Lessons for the Future, London, Routledge, 58.

Spaaij R. (2016). Terrorism and Security at the Olympics: Empirical Trends and Evolving Research Agendas, The International Journal of the History of Sport, Vol. 33, No. 4, 452.

The Department of Homeland Security Strategic Plan, 2008-2013: „One Team, One Mission, Securing our Homeland,” (2009). 121st IOC Session, 2 October. http://www.olympic.org/olympicgames?articlenewsgroup=-1&articleid=110882. (accessed 15 December 2016).

Watts J., Douglas B. (2016). “Rio Olympics: Who are the real winners and losers?” The Guardian, July 19 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/jul/19/rio-olympics-who-are-the-real-winners-and-losers (accessed 19 December 2016).

Ying Yu, Lauser F., Chan Kand. G. (2009). Governing Security at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, „The International Journal of the History of Sport”, No 3 (26), 390.

Visacro A. (2017). Brazilian Organization for Combating Terrorism during the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, „Military Review” September-October, 101.

http://esporte.ig.com.br/mais/2009/10/19/prefeito+do+rio+garante+seguranca+da+olimpiada+de+2016+8879910.html. (accessed 19 April 2017).

http://oglobo.globo.com/pais/mat/2010/12/31/esforcos-na-area-deseguranca-ja-direcionam-rio-para-as-olimpiada-de-2016-923396400.asp (accessed 10 May 2017)

http://en.mercopress.com/2011/03/17/world-bank-loan-to-improvequality- of-life-in-rio-do-janeiro-s-favelas. (accessed 19 December 2018).

Defense Studies (2011), July, 3.

New Female Police Is a First for Rio (2011). ” New York Times, Feb 16.

-11 Commission Report Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, Official Government Edition. Publisher. http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/index.html. (accessed 15 December 2018).

rio-2016-after-visa-exemption-proposal-confirmed (accessed 17 December 2015

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.